- 命令名称：ls
- 英文原意：list
- 执行权限：所有用户
- 功能：显示目录文件
- 语法：
ls 选项[-ald] [文件或目录] - -a：显示所有文件，包括隐藏文件
- -l：详细信息显示
- -d：查看目录属性
-a能显示所有文件，包括隐藏文件。隐藏文件以 .开头。
<span class="linenum hljs-number"> 1</span>atomy@atomy-virtual-machine:~/桌面$ ls -l /<br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 2</span>总用量 <span class="hljs-number">1918440</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 3</span>lrwxrwxrwx   <span class="hljs-number">1</span> root root          <span class="hljs-number">7</span> <span class="hljs-number">5</span>月   <span class="hljs-number">6</span> <span class="hljs-number">11</span>:<span class="hljs-number">48</span> bin -> usr/bin<br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 4</span>drwxr-xr-x   <span class="hljs-number">4</span> root root       <span class="hljs-number">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number">5</span>月   <span class="hljs-number">6</span> <span class="hljs-number">12</span>:<span class="hljs-number">00</span> boot<br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 5</span>drwxrwxr-x   <span class="hljs-number">2</span> root root       <span class="hljs-number">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number">5</span>月   <span class="hljs-number">6</span> <span class="hljs-number">11</span>:<span class="hljs-number">50</span> cdrom<br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 6</span>drwxr-xr-x  <span class="hljs-number">19</span> root root       <span class="hljs-number">4140</span> <span class="hljs-number">5</span>月   <span class="hljs-number">9</span> <span class="hljs-number">09</span>:<span class="hljs-number">17</span> dev<br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 7</span>drwxr-xr-x <span class="hljs-number">131</span> root root      <span class="hljs-number">12288</span> <span class="hljs-number">5</span>月   <span class="hljs-number">9</span> <span class="hljs-number">09</span>:<span class="hljs-number">04</span> etc<br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 8</span>drwxr-xr-x   <span class="hljs-number">3</span> root root       <span class="hljs-number">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number">5</span>月   <span class="hljs-number">6</span> <span class="hljs-number">11</span>:<span class="hljs-number">51</span> home<br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 9</span>lrwxrwxrwx   <span class="hljs-number">1</span> root root          <span class="hljs-number">7</span> <span class="hljs-number">5</span>月   <span class="hljs-number">6</span> <span class="hljs-number">11</span>:<span class="hljs-number">48</span> lib -> usr/lib<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">10</span>lrwxrwxrwx   <span class="hljs-number">1</span> root root          <span class="hljs-number">9</span> <span class="hljs-number">5</span>月   <span class="hljs-number">6</span> <span class="hljs-number">11</span>:<span class="hljs-number">48</span> lib32 -> usr/lib32<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">11</span>lrwxrwxrwx   <span class="hljs-number">1</span> root root          <span class="hljs-number">9</span> <span class="hljs-number">5</span>月   <span class="hljs-number">6</span> <span class="hljs-number">11</span>:<span class="hljs-number">48</span> lib64 -> usr/lib64<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">12</span>lrwxrwxrwx   <span class="hljs-number">1</span> root root         <span class="hljs-number">10</span> <span class="hljs-number">5</span>月   <span class="hljs-number">6</span> <span class="hljs-number">11</span>:<span class="hljs-number">48</span> libx32 -> usr/libx32<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">13</span>drwx------   <span class="hljs-number">2</span> root root      <span class="hljs-number">16384</span> <span class="hljs-number">5</span>月   <span class="hljs-number">6</span> <span class="hljs-number">11</span>:<span class="hljs-number">47</span> lost+found<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">14</span>drwxr-xr-x   <span class="hljs-number">3</span> root root       <span class="hljs-number">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number">5</span>月   <span class="hljs-number">6</span> <span class="hljs-number">12</span>:<span class="hljs-number">10</span> media<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">15</span>drwxr-xr-x   <span class="hljs-number">3</span> root root       <span class="hljs-number">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number">5</span>月   <span class="hljs-number">6</span> <span class="hljs-number">12</span>:<span class="hljs-number">16</span> mnt<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">16</span>drwxr-xr-x   <span class="hljs-number">2</span> root root       <span class="hljs-number">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number">2</span>月  <span class="hljs-number">10</span> <span class="hljs-number">02</span>:<span class="hljs-number">47</span> opt<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">17</span>dr-xr-xr-x <span class="hljs-number">371</span> root root          <span class="hljs-number">0</span> <span class="hljs-number">5</span>月   <span class="hljs-number">9</span> <span class="hljs-number">09</span>:<span class="hljs-number">17</span> proc<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">18</span>drwx------   <span class="hljs-number">4</span> root root       <span class="hljs-number">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number">5</span>月   <span class="hljs-number">9</span> <span class="hljs-number">09</span>:<span class="hljs-number">16</span> root<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">19</span>drwxr-xr-x  <span class="hljs-number">33</span> root root        <span class="hljs-number">880</span> <span class="hljs-number">5</span>月   <span class="hljs-number">9</span> <span class="hljs-number">09</span>:<span class="hljs-number">17</span> run<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">20</span>lrwxrwxrwx   <span class="hljs-number">1</span> root root          <span class="hljs-number">8</span> <span class="hljs-number">5</span>月   <span class="hljs-number">6</span> <span class="hljs-number">11</span>:<span class="hljs-number">48</span> sbin -> usr/sbin<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">21</span>drwxr-xr-x   <span class="hljs-number">8</span> root root       <span class="hljs-number">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number">2</span>月  <span class="hljs-number">10</span> <span class="hljs-number">02</span>:<span class="hljs-number">57</span> snap<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">22</span>drwxr-xr-x   <span class="hljs-number">2</span> root root       <span class="hljs-number">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number">2</span>月  <span class="hljs-number">10</span> <span class="hljs-number">02</span>:<span class="hljs-number">47</span> srv<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">23</span>-rw-------   <span class="hljs-number">1</span> root root <span class="hljs-number">1964400640</span> <span class="hljs-number">5</span>月   <span class="hljs-number">6</span> <span class="hljs-number">11</span>:<span class="hljs-number">48</span> swapfile<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">24</span>dr-xr-xr-x  <span class="hljs-number">13</span> root root          <span class="hljs-number">0</span> <span class="hljs-number">5</span>月   <span class="hljs-number">9</span> <span class="hljs-number">09</span>:<span class="hljs-number">17</span> sys<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">25</span>drwxrwxrwt  <span class="hljs-number">21</span> root root       <span class="hljs-number">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number">5</span>月   <span class="hljs-number">9</span> <span class="hljs-number">09</span>:<span class="hljs-number">18</span> tmp<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">26</span>drwxr-xr-x  <span class="hljs-number">14</span> root root       <span class="hljs-number">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number">2</span>月  <span class="hljs-number">10</span> <span class="hljs-number">02</span>:<span class="hljs-number">48</span> usr<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">27</span>drwxr-xr-x  <span class="hljs-number">14</span> root root       <span class="hljs-number">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number">2</span>月  <span class="hljs-number">10</span> <span class="hljs-number">02</span>:<span class="hljs-number">56</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">var</span>
这是使用-l查看根目录下文件的信息。第一行是总计（total），Total后面的数字是指当前目录下所有文件所占用的空间总和。可以使用 ls –lh查看，也可使用 ls –alh查看。
我们以home文件的信息为例分析各个字段
```