AARRR模型因其掠夺式的增长方式也被称为海盗模型,《增长黑客》一书的核心思想就是AARRR漏斗模型。
AARRR模型的核心要点主要是把控产品的整体收益情况,用户生命周期价值(LTV)远大于用户获客成本(CAC)和用户经营成本(COC)的总和就意味着产品的成功
主要目的
本阶段的目的在于将潜在的目标用户转换为自身用户,而难点在于 宣传、 注册引导、 获客成本把控这几个点
涉及指标
DNU(日新登用户数):首次登录、首启产品的用户数
解决问题
- 临时用户数量
- 注册转化率分析
CAC(用户获取成本):
解决问题
- 渠道获客的效益
优化策略
在产品上采用植入广告的方式提高曝光度
与其他公司战略合作,取长补短
私域流量推广(微信群、公众号、微博号等)
短信邮箱发送推广
利用开放平台、社交网站的第三方开放接口导入用户
主流媒体发布有关产品的软文(产品介绍、体验、活动等)为了提高产品的曝光率
[En]
Mainstream media release soft articles about the product (product introduction, experience, events, etc.) to improve the exposure of the product
SEO搜索引擎优化,百度关键词竞价推广
利用种子用户(在领域上有一定影响力)带来用户
有影响力的明星代言
线下地推广告投放
主要目的
这一阶段的目的是引导用户潜移默化地使用产品,养成习惯。难点在于产品体验和用户习惯培养。
[En]
The purpose of this stage is to guide users to use the product and develop habits imperceptibly. The difficulty lies in * product experience * and * cultivation of user habits * .
涉及指标
DAU(日活跃用户数):
解决问题:
- 核心用户规模
- 用户活跃率
WAU(周活跃用户数):
解决问题:
- 周期性用户规模
- 周期性变化趋势
MAU(月活跃用户数):
解决问题:
- 用户规模稳定性
- 总体用户规模变化
DAOT(日均使用时长):
解决问题:
- 分析产品的体验问题
- 了解不同用户群的习惯
- 留存分析的依据
DAU/MAU(月度用户粘度):
PV(页面浏览量):
UV(独立访客数量):
优化策略
借鉴游戏产品的用户增长体系,如任务制、层次制等,构建我们自己产品的用户增长体系。
[En]
Draw lessons from the user growth system of game products, such as task system, hierarchy system, etc., to build the user growth system of our own products.
策划事件运营活动(线上线下),持续激发用户活跃
新用户首单指引(新人补贴鼓励用户决策,降低用户认知成本,正向激励关键步骤,引导用户选择产品偏好)
[En]
New users' first order guidance (newcomer subsidies encourage users to make decisions, reduce users' cognitive costs, positively motivate key steps, and guide users to choose product preferences)
营销唤醒设计(建立流失用户预警机制,定义用户有效使用标准,跟踪用户行为进行精细化营销,用趣味活动唤醒)
[En]
Marketing awakening design (build early warning mechanism for lost users, define criteria for effective use of users, track user behavior for fine marketing, and use interest-stimulating activities to awaken)
用户激励体系(快速变现类:打折红包;累计成就类:完成任务小额奖励;荣誉感恩类:公益类游戏推送)
[En]
User incentive system (quick realization type: discount red packet; cumulative achievement type: small reward for the completion of tasks; honor gratitude type: push of public welfare games)
根据用户高频使用节点的习惯,进行相关推送,培养用户习惯。
[En]
According to the user's habit of using the node at high frequency, the relevant push is carried out to cultivate the user's habit.
注意事项
用户需要根据产品周期中不同的活跃状态分为流失、不活跃、回流、活跃、忠诚。
[En]
Users need to be divided into loss, inactivity, backflow, activity and loyalty according to different active states in the product cycle.
主要目的
这一阶段的目的是反映产品的成长进度和衡量用户粘性和质量的指标。
[En]
The purpose of this stage is to reflect the growth progress of the product and the indicators to measure the stickiness and quality of users.
涉及指标
次日留存率(day 1 retention ratio):
三日留存率(day 3 retention ratio):
七日留存率(day 7 retention ratio):
解决问题:
- APP质量评估
- 用户质量评估
- 用户规模衡量
日流失率(day churn ratio):
周流失率(week churn ratio):
月流失率(month churn ratio):
解决问题:
- 运营产生的效果
- 行业比较和产品评估
优化策略
该指标的运营策略可搭配提高活跃的方法一同使用
对留存用户以及流失用户进行用户分层(RFM用户分层模型)并分类输出优化策略
持续加大产品尖叫度,产品用户从功能、内容、价值等运行机制上对产品进行期待。
[En]
Continue to increase the scream of the product, and the product users expect the product in terms of function, content, value and other operating mechanisms.
主要目的
这一阶段的目的是将获取的流量用户和持续贡献价值的留存用户转化为经济效益,难点在于用户生命周期和平均用户收益。
[En]
The purpose of this stage is to convert the acquired traffic users and the retained users who continue to contribute value into economic benefits, and the difficulty lies in * user life cycle * and average user revenue.
涉及指标
PR(付费率):
付费用户数占活跃用户数的比例
解决问题:
- 产品的收益转化能力
- 用户付费关键点和转化周期
LTV(用户生命周期):
用户在生命周期内创造的收入总和
计算方式:LTV = ARPU * LT
解决问题:
- 用户收益贡献周期
- 渠道的利润贡献
ARPU(用户平均收入):
在统计时间内,用户产生的平均收益
计算方式:ARPU = revenue / user
解决问题:
- 不同渠道用户质量的判断
- 产品收益贡献
- 用户人均收入与获客成本的关系
ARPPU(用户平均收入)
APA(付费用户数)
优化策略
合理的定价策略,根据产品的性质,采用心理定价、折扣定价、差别定价等策略来确定产品的价格。
[En]
Reasonable pricing strategy, according to the nature of the product, using psychological pricing, discount pricing, differential pricing and other strategies to determine the price of the product.
消费模式的制定,例如先试用后消费,VIP折扣消费,特殊用户免费,积分兑换体系等
主要目的
这一阶段的目的是让用户自发地传播产品的口碑,通过病毒分裂的方式传播产品的价值。难点在于让用户认识到产品的核心价值和自发交流的好处。
[En]
The purpose of this stage is to let users spread the word-of-mouth of the product spontaneously and spread the value of the product by viral split. The difficulty is to make users realize the core value of the product and the benefits of spontaneous communication.
涉及指标
K因子(推荐系数):
计算方式: K = 发出的邀请数 / 接收邀请的新用户转化数
K > 1 则会增长,类似于滚雪球
K < 1 一定数量后停止增长
优化策略
分享邀请机制的制定。通过分析邀请可以获得更多的潜在目标用户
完善产品评价机制,利用用户在产品使用中的体验,吸引潜在目标用户。
[En]
Improve the mechanism of product evaluation and make use of users' experience in the use of products to attract potential target users.
注意事项
需留意产品的分享邀请机制是否正面体现用户分享观念
用户自发式分享后需给予一定的利益
模型搭建要点
AARRR模型为一个典型的漏斗模型,通过各项指标的过滤,留存到越后其用户价值就越高
通过模型的数据指标来梳理产品的推广渠道以及用户运营策略
参考文章:
Original: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_46159679/article/details/123017902
Author: inganxu
Title: 数据分析方法-AARRR用户增长模型
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Title: grpcio-1.41.1的安装以及排错记录(wheel的一大用处)
grpcio-1.41.1这个版本是比较难以安装的,如果你的操作系统是centos7的话,为什么这么说呢?因为它的安装报错是和gcc环境有关的。
首先,我的服务器是linux7版本,Python2.7环境,gcc版本是默认的4.8.5版本。grpcio的版本可查询到的最新版本就是1.41.1,如下图:
查询需要安装的版本可用版本有哪些,使用命令 pip install 软件包mingc==
root@centos1 ~]# pip install grpcio==
DEPRECATION: Python 2.7 reached the end of its life on January 1st, 2020. Please upgrade your Python as Python 2.7 is no longer maintained. pip 21.0 will drop support for Python 2.7 in January 2021. More details about Python 2 support in pip can be found at https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/development/release-process/#python-2-support pip 21.0 will remove support for this functionality.
Looking in indexes: http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
ERROR: Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement grpcio== (from versions: 0.4.0a0, 0.4.0a1, 0.4.0a2, 0.4.0a3, 0.4.0a4, 0.4.0a5, 0.4.0a6, 0.4.0a7, 0.4.0a8, 0.4.0a13, 0.4.0a14, 0.5.0a0, 0.5.0a1, 0.5.0a2, 0.9.0a0, 0.9.0a1, 0.10.0a0, 0.11.0b0, 0.11.0b1, 0.12.0b0, 0.13.0, 0.13.1rc1, 0.13.1, 0.14.0rc1, 0.14.0, 0.15.0, 1.0.0rc1, 1.0.0rc2, 1.0.0, 1.0.1rc1, 1.0.1, 1.0.2, 1.0.3, 1.0.4, 1.1.0, 1.1.3, 1.2.0, 1.2.1, 1.3.0, 1.3.3, 1.3.5, 1.4.0, 1.6.0, 1.6.3, 1.7.0, 1.7.3, 1.8.1, 1.8.2, 1.8.3, 1.8.4, 1.8.6, 1.9.0rc1, 1.9.0rc2, 1.9.0rc3, 1.9.0, 1.9.1, 1.10.0rc2, 1.10.0, 1.10.1rc1, 1.10.1rc2, 1.10.1, 1.11.0rc1, 1.11.0rc2, 1.11.0, 1.11.1rc1, 1.11.1, 1.12.0rc1, 1.12.0, 1.12.1, 1.13.0rc1, 1.13.0rc2, 1.13.0rc3, 1.13.0, 1.14.0rc1, 1.14.0rc2, 1.14.0, 1.14.1, 1.14.2rc1, 1.14.2, 1.15.0rc1, 1.15.0, 1.16.0rc1, 1.16.0, 1.16.1, 1.17.0, 1.17.1, 1.18.0, 1.19.0, 1.20.0rc1, 1.20.0rc2, 1.20.0rc3, 1.20.0, 1.20.1, 1.21.0rc1, 1.21.1rc1, 1.21.1, 1.22.0rc1, 1.22.0, 1.22.1, 1.23.0rc1, 1.23.0, 1.23.1, 1.24.0rc1, 1.24.0, 1.24.1, 1.24.3, 1.25.0rc1, 1.25.0, 1.26.0rc1, 1.26.0, 1.27.0rc1, 1.27.0rc2, 1.27.1, 1.27.2, 1.28.0rc1, 1.28.0rc2, 1.28.1, 1.29.0, 1.30.0, 1.31.0, 1.32.0, 1.33.1, 1.33.2, 1.34.0rc1, 1.34.0, 1.34.1, 1.35.0rc1, 1.35.0, 1.36.0rc1, 1.36.0, 1.36.1, 1.37.0rc1, 1.37.0, 1.37.1, 1.38.0rc1, 1.38.0, 1.38.1, 1.39.0rc1, 1.39.0, 1.40.0rc1, 1.40.0, 1.41.0rc2, 1.41.0, 1.41.1)
ERROR: No matching distribution found for grpcio==
这里可以看到最高版本是1.41.1,但需要注意的是,这里表示的是Python2.7最高的可支持的grpcio的版本是1.41.1 ,如果是Python3比如3.8,那么,可支持的版本就更高了。3.8查询出的示例如下:
[root@slave2 ~]# pip install grpcio==
Looking in indexes: http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
ERROR: Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement grpcio== (from versions: 0.4.0a0, 0.4.0a1, 0.4.0a2, 0.4.0a3, 0.4.0a4, 0.4.0a5, 0.4.0a6, 0.4.0a7, 0.4.0a8, 0.4.0a13, 0.4.0a14, 0.5.0a0, 0.5.0a1, 0.5.0a2, 0.9.0a0, 0.9.0a1, 0.10.0a0, 0.11.0b0, 0.11.0b1, 0.12.0b0, 0.13.0, 0.13.1rc1, 0.13.1, 0.14.0rc1, 0.14.0, 0.15.0, 1.0.0rc1, 1.0.0rc2, 1.0.0, 1.0.1rc1, 1.0.1, 1.0.2, 1.0.3, 1.0.4, 1.1.0, 1.1.3, 1.2.0, 1.2.1, 1.3.0, 1.3.5, 1.4.0, 1.6.0, 1.6.3, 1.7.0, 1.7.3, 1.8.1, 1.8.2, 1.8.3, 1.8.4, 1.8.6, 1.9.0rc1, 1.9.0rc2, 1.9.0rc3, 1.9.0, 1.9.1, 1.10.0rc2, 1.10.0, 1.10.1rc1, 1.10.1rc2, 1.10.1, 1.11.0rc1, 1.11.0rc2, 1.11.0, 1.11.1rc1, 1.11.1, 1.12.0rc1, 1.12.0, 1.12.1, 1.13.0rc1, 1.13.0rc2, 1.13.0rc3, 1.13.0, 1.14.0rc1, 1.14.0rc2, 1.14.0, 1.14.1, 1.14.2rc1, 1.14.2, 1.15.0rc1, 1.15.0, 1.16.0rc1, 1.16.0, 1.16.1, 1.17.0, 1.17.1, 1.18.0, 1.19.0, 1.20.0rc1, 1.20.0rc2, 1.20.0rc3, 1.20.0, 1.20.1, 1.21.0rc1, 1.21.1rc1, 1.21.1, 1.22.0rc1, 1.22.0, 1.22.1, 1.23.0rc1, 1.23.0, 1.23.1, 1.24.0rc1, 1.24.0, 1.24.1, 1.24.3, 1.25.0rc1, 1.25.0, 1.26.0rc1, 1.26.0, 1.27.0rc1, 1.27.0rc2, 1.27.1, 1.27.2, 1.28.0rc1, 1.28.0rc2, 1.28.1, 1.29.0, 1.30.0, 1.31.0, 1.32.0, 1.33.1, 1.33.2, 1.34.0rc1, 1.34.0, 1.34.1, 1.35.0rc1, 1.35.0, 1.36.0rc1, 1.36.0, 1.36.1, 1.37.0rc1, 1.37.0, 1.37.1, 1.38.0rc1, 1.38.0, 1.38.1, 1.39.0rc1, 1.39.0, 1.40.0rc1, 1.40.0, 1.41.0rc2, 1.41.0, 1.41.1, 1.42.0rc1, 1.42.0, 1.43.0rc1, 1.43.0, 1.44.0rc1, 1.44.0rc2, 1.44.0, 1.45.0rc1, 1.45.0, 1.46.0rc1, 1.46.0rc2, 1.46.0, 1.46.1, 1.46.3)
ERROR: No matching distribution found for grpcio==
直接安装这个1.41.1可以吗?答案是否定的,必须先把gcc的版本升高到至少6才可以哦。
在gcc4.8下其中的一段报错如下:
-Ithird_party/boringssl-with-bazel/src/include -Ithird_party/upb -Isrc/core/ext/upb-generated -Isrc/core/ext/upbdefs-generated -Ithird_party/xxhash -Ithird_party/zlib -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c src/core/ext/upb-generated/udpa/annotations/migrate.upb.c -o python_build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/src/core/ext/upb-generated/udpa/annotations/migrate.upb.o -std=c++11 -std=gnu99 -fvisibility=hidden -fno-wrapv -fno-exceptions -pthread
cc1: warning: command line option '-std=c++11' is valid for C++/ObjC++ but not for C [enabled by default]
cc1: warning: command line option '-std=c++11' is valid for C++/ObjC++ but not for C [enabled by default]
src/python/grpcio/grpc/_cython/cygrpc.cpp: In function 'PyObject* __pyx_pw_4grpc_7_cython_6cygrpc_7Channel_9segregated_call(PyObject*, PyObject*, PyObject*)':
src/python/grpcio/grpc/_cython/cygrpc.cpp:18702:76: warning: '__pyx_v_c_completion_queue' may be used uninitialized in this function [-Wmaybe-uninitialized]
其中,cc1: warning: command line option '-std=c++11' is valid for C++/ObjC++ but not for C [enabled by default]是提示gcc版本不够。
还有一段报错如下:
Cython-generated files are missing...
We could not find Cython. Setup may take 10-20 minutes.
这个就是单纯的提示没有安装Cython , 程序将会跑10到20分钟。
解决方案:
安装Cython,临时提升gcc版本到6即可。
执行命令:pip install Cython
root@centos1 ~]# tar xf gcc-6.tar
[root@centos1 ~]# mkdir /opt/rh
[root@centos1 ~]# mv devtoolset-6 /opt/rh/
[root@centos1 ~]# source /opt/rh/devtoolset-6/enable
[root@centos1 ~]#
[root@centos1 ~]# pip install grpcio==1.41.1
DEPRECATION: Python 2.7 reached the end of its life on January 1st, 2020. Please upgrade your Python as Python 2.7 is no longer maintained. pip 21.0 will drop support for Python 2.7 in January 2021. More details about Python 2 support in pip can be found at https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/development/release-process/#python-2-support pip 21.0 will remove support for this functionality.
Looking in indexes: http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
Collecting grpcio==1.41.1
Downloading http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/packages/bd/81/6c704c002a992b9d6466c739e3e7687e0bb2365d8cd63d7fc8e95d502cb6/grpcio-1.41.1.tar.gz (21.2 MB)
|████████████████████████████████| 21.2 MB 11.6 MB/s
Requirement already satisfied: six>=1.5.2 in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from grpcio==1.41.1) (1.16.0)
Requirement already satisfied: enum34>=1.0.4 in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from grpcio==1.41.1) (1.1.10)
Requirement already satisfied: futures>=2.2.0 in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from grpcio==1.41.1) (3.3.0)
Building wheels for collected packages: grpcio
Building wheel for grpcio (setup.py) ... done
Created wheel for grpcio: filename=grpcio-1.41.1-cp27-cp27mu-linux_x86_64.whl size=38482692 sha256=f739d6dc50b9d9566757accdbaa2c2dfe3bceeabc7134c6767e3b2f9d870a452
Stored in directory: /root/.cache/pip/wheels/c7/ed/27/f189d34b2e7c42eb5e9ffd14fbe2cad21efe7502a5d7516d27
Successfully built grpcio
Installing collected packages: grpcio
Attempting uninstall: grpcio
Found existing installation: grpcio 1.37.1
Uninstalling grpcio-1.37.1:
Successfully uninstalled grpcio-1.37.1
Successfully installed grpcio-1.41.1
上面我使用了wheel自动构造轮子,轮子文件生成在了这个提示的地方:
Stored in directory: /root/.cache/pip/wheels/c7/ed/27/f189d34b2e7c42eb5e9ffd14fbe2cad21efe7502a5d7516d27
我的轮子的版本:
[root@centos1 ~]# pip list |grep wheel
DEPRECATION: Python 2.7 reached the end of its life on January 1st, 2020. Please upgrade your Python as Python 2.7 is no longer maintained. pip 21.0 will drop support for Python 2.7 in January 2021. More details about Python 2 support in pip can be found at https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/development/release-process/#python-2-support pip 21.0 will remove support for this functionality.
wheel 0.36.2
那么,这个新生成的文件有什么用处呢?其实既然叫轮子,那么,表达的意思就是这个文件可以在其它的任意的centos7系列操作系统下使用,直接pip install 轮子文件就可以安装好了,不需要高版本的gcc啦(依赖还是需要的 ,依赖是三个Requirement already satisfied: six>=1.5.2 in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from grpcio==1.41.1) (1.16.0)
Requirement already satisfied: enum34>=1.0.4 in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from grpcio==1.41.1) (1.1.10)
Requirement already satisfied: futures>=2.2.0 in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from grpcio==1.41.1) (3.3.0))。
如果没有安装wheel,那么,将不会生成wheel文件,也就是不会有如下提示,此时的安装应该是这样的:
[root@centos1 ~]# pip install grpcio==1.40
DEPRECATION: Python 2.7 reached the end of its life on January 1st, 2020. Please upgrade your Python as Python 2.7 is no longer maintained. pip 21.0 will drop support for Python 2.7 in January 2021. More details about Python 2 support in pip can be found at https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/development/release-process/#python-2-support pip 21.0 will remove support for this functionality.
Looking in indexes: http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
Collecting grpcio==1.40
Downloading http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/packages/37/56/700ff83b59eb69a7ddd62840666699173923020cfdf33a2860b9eba5667a/grpcio-1.40.0.tar.gz (21.3 MB)
|████████████████████████████████| 21.3 MB 12.3 MB/s
Requirement already satisfied: six>=1.5.2 in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from grpcio==1.40) (1.16.0)
Requirement already satisfied: enum34>=1.0.4 in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from grpcio==1.40) (1.1.10)
Requirement already satisfied: futures>=2.2.0 in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from grpcio==1.40) (3.3.0)
Using legacy 'setup.py install' for grpcio, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Installing collected packages: grpcio
Attempting uninstall: grpcio
Found existing installation: grpcio 1.41.1
Uninstalling grpcio-1.41.1:
Successfully uninstalled grpcio-1.41.1
Running setup.py install for grpcio ...
也就是Using legacy 'setup.py install' for grpcio, since package 'wheel' is not installed,然后直接安装了,那么,你如果需要移植这个库,在别的服务器上将需要重新激活gcc6,然后重复安装步骤啦,如果有轮子,只需要将轮子文件grpcio-1.41.1-cp27-cp27mu-linux_x86_64.whl 拷贝到其它服务器上,安装它就可以了,可以省很多的时间和精力,非常的方便快捷。
Original: https://blog.csdn.net/alwaysbefine/article/details/124917333
Author: zsk_john
Title: grpcio-1.41.1的安装以及排错记录(wheel的一大用处)

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